*** [[electoral system|Electoral system]] that you choose change the number of [[parti politique|political parties]] [[scrutin majoritaire|majoritarian electoral system]] with [[runoff voting]] -> bipartisane parties, [[polarisation partisane]] [[proportional representation]] encourages more multiparty systems ex : [[consensual democracy]] Small parties struggle to win seats, discouraging their formation Voters avoid wasting votes on small parties and instead support major parties with a higher chance of winning = [[dilemme du vote utile|vote utile]] -> voting for such a small party is like not voting because it doesn't change anything = [[high probability of casting the decisive vote reduces abstention]] is lower Whenever you have a proportional system, you increase your chances of getting a more fragmented of political parties [[majority voting]] are over-represented on [[parlementarisme|parliamentary regime]] : - mechanical effect : only the strongest parties can secure seats in the parliament - psychological effect : plurality encourages strategic behavior (parties merge and voters avoid wasting their votes on small parties) -> pas d'[[indépendance aux alternatives non-pertinentes]] However, it is not always true like in India even if there are two big political parties Linguistic diversity + Federalism creates a situation that increase parties other factors can change the number of political parties ## Notes de bas de page ``` dataview TABLE length(file.outlinks) AS "Liens sortants", length(file.inlinks) AS "Liens entrants" WHERE file.path = this.file.path ```